# Which of the Following is a Linear Function

## Linear Function

A
linear part
is a part that represents a straight line on the coordinate plane. For instance, y = 3x – 2 represents a straight line on a coordinate aeroplane and hence it represents a linear function. Since y can be replaced with f(ten), this part can be written as f(x) = 3x – 2.

In this article, we are going to learn the definition of a linear part along with its graph, domain, and range. We will as well learn how to identify a linear role and how to detect its inverse.

 1. What is a Linear Office? 2. Linear Function Equation 3. Identifying a Linear Part four. Graphing a Linear Role 5. Domain and Range of Linear Function 6. Inverse of a Linear Role seven. Piecewise Linear Function 8. FAQs on Linear Function

## What is a Linear Function?

A
linear function
is of the form f(x) = mx + b where ‘chiliad’ and ‘b’ are real numbers. Isn’t information technology looking like the slope-intercept form of a line which is expressed equally y = mx + b? Yes, this is because a linear function represents a line, i.east., its graph is a line. Here,

• ‘yard’ is the slope of the line
• ‘b’ is the y-intercept of the line
• ‘x’ is the independent variable
• ‘y’ (or f(x)) is the dependent variable

A linear function is an algebraic function. This is considering it involves only algebraic operations.

## Linear Function Equation

The parent linear function is f(x) = 10, which is a line passing through the origin. In general, a linear role equation is f(x) = mx + b and here are some examples.

• f(x) = 3x – 2
• f(x) = -5x – 0.5
• f(x) = 3

### Existent Life Case of Linear Function

Here are some real-life applications of the linear office.

• A flick streaming service charges a monthly fee of $4.50 and an additional fee of$0.35 for every movie downloaded. At present, the total monthly fee is represented past the linear function f(x) = 0.35x + four.50, where x is the number of movies downloaded in a month.
• A t-shirt company charges a 1-time fee of $50 and$7 per T-shirt to print logos on T-shirts. So, the total fee is expressed by the linear office f(10) = 7x + 50, where x is the number of t-shirts.
• The linear function is used to represent an objective office in linear programming problems, to assistance minimize the shut, or maximize the profits.

### How to Observe a Linear Function?

Nosotros utilise the slope-intercept form or the indicate-slope form to discover a linear function. The process of finding a linear function is the same as the process of finding the equation of a line and is explained with an example.

Example:
Find the linear function that has 2 points (-1, 15) and (2, 27) on it.

Solution:

The given points are (x1, y1) = (-i, 15) and (x₂, y₂) = (ii, 27).

Step i:
Detect the gradient of the part using the slope formula:

1000 = (y₂ – y1) / (ten₂ – x1) = (27 – 15) / (ii – (-1)) = 12/3 = 4.

Stride two:
Find the equation of linear function using the point gradient form.

y – y1
= 1000 (10 – x1)

y – 15 = four (x – (-i))

y – 15 = 4 (10 + 1)

y – fifteen = 4x + 4

y = 4x + 19

Therefore, the equation of the linear function is, f(10) = 4x + 19.

## Identifying a Linear Function

If the data nearly a function is given as a graph, then it is linear if the graph is a line. If the information about the role is given in the algebraic form, then information technology is linear if information technology is of the form f(ten) = mx + b. But to encounter whether the given information in a tabular array format represents a linear role:

• Compute the differences in x-values.
• Compute the differences in y-values
• Check whether the ratio of the difference in y-values to the deviation in ten-values is ever constant.

Case:
Determine whether the post-obit information from the following tabular array represents a linear part.

x y
three 15
5 23
7 31
11 47
thirteen 55

Solution:

Nosotros will compute the differences in 10-values, differences in y values, and the ratio (difference in y)/(difference in 10) every fourth dimension and encounter whether this ratio is a abiding.

Read:   Which of the Following Helped the Middle Colonies to Thrive

Since all numbers in the concluding column are equal to a constant, the data in the given table represents a linear function.

## Graphing a Linear Function

We know that to graph a line, nosotros just demand any 2 points on it. If nosotros find two points, and so we tin can just join them by a line and extend it on both sides. The graph of a linear function f(x) = mx + b is

• an increasing line when chiliad > 0
• a decreasing line when k < 0
• a horizontal line when yard = 0

There are two ways to graph a linear function.

• Past finding two points on it.
• By using its gradient and y-intercept.

### Graphing a Linear Function by Finding Two Points

To notice any two points on a linear function (line) f(x) = mx + b, nosotros but presume some random values for ‘x’ and substitute these values in the part to find the corresponding values for y. The process is explained with an example where we are going to graph the function f(x) = 3x + five.

• Stride i:
Find two points on the line past taking some random values.
Nosotros volition assume that ten = -ane and x = 0.
• Pace ii:
Substitute each of these values in the function to detect the corresponding y-values.
Here is the table of the linear function y = 3x + v.

x y
-i iii(-1)+v = 2
three(0)+five = 5

Therefore, two points on the line are (-ane, two) and (0, 5).

• Step 3:
Plot the points on the graph and bring together them past a line. Also, extend the line on both sides.

### Graphing a Linear Function Using Slope and y-Intercept

To graph a linear function, f(10) = mx + b, we can use its slope ‘g’ and the y-intercept ‘b’. The process is explained over again by graphing the same linear function f(10) = 3x + 5. Its gradient is, k = 3 and its y-intercept is (0, b) = (0, five).

• Step 1:
Plot the y-intercept (0, b).
Hither, we plot the point (0, 5).
• Pace 2:
Write the slope equally the fraction rise/run and identify the “rise” and the “run”.
Here, the gradient = three = three/ane = rising/run.
And so rise = three and run = 1.
• Step 3:
Rise the y-intercept vertically by “rise” and and so run horizontally by “run”. This results in a new signal.
(Note that if “rise” is positive, we go upward and if “rising” is negative, we go down. Also, if “run” is positive”, nosotros go right and if “run” is negative, we get left.)
Hither, we go up past 3 units from the y-intercept and thereby go right past 1 unit.
• Footstep four:
Join the points from
Pace 1
and
Pace 2
by a line and extend the line on both sides.

## Domain and Range of Linear Office

The domain of a linear office is the set of all real numbers, and the range of a linear function is also the fix of all real numbers. The following effigy shows f(ten) = 2x + iii and g(x) = 4 −x plotted on the same axes.

Note that both functions take on real values for all values of 10, which means that the domain of each function is the gear up of all real numbers (R). Wait along the 10-axis to ostend this. For every value of
x, nosotros have a bespeak on the graph.

Also, the output for each function ranges continuously from negative infinity to positive infinity, which means that the range of either function is also R. This tin be confirmed by looking along the y-axis, which clearly shows that there is a bespeak on each graph for every y-value. Thus, when the slope grand ≠ 0,

• The domain of a linear function = R
• The range of a linear function = R

Note:

(i) The domain and range of a linear function is R as long every bit the problem has non mentioned any specific domain or range.

(ii) When the gradient, thou = 0, and so the linear function f(x) = b is a horizontal line and in this example, the domain = R and the range = {b}.

## Inverse of a Linear Function

The inverse of a linear role f(x) = ax + b is represented past a office f-1(10) such that f(f-1(10)) = f-1(f(10)) = x. The procedure to notice the inverse of a linear function is explained through an example where we are going to notice the inverse of a function f(x) = 3x + v.

• Pace ane:
And so the above equation becomes y = 3x + five.
• Step 2:
Interchange the variables x and y.
Then we become x = 3y + v.
• Step 3:
Solve the above equation for y.
ten – 5 = 3y
y = (x – five)/iii
• Step 4:
Supervene upon y by f-i(ten) and it is the inverse role of f(x).
f-one(x) = (ten – five)/iii

Note that f(x) and f-i(x) are always symmetric with respect to the line y = ten. Let us plot the linear office f(x) = 3x + 5 and its changed f-1(x) = (x – v)/3 and meet whether they are symmetric near y = x. Also, when (10, y) lies on f(x), and so (y, ten) lies on f-1(x). For example, in the following graph, (-1, two) lies on f(x) whereas (2, -1) lies on f-i(ten).

## Piecewise Linear Function

Sometimes the linear part may not exist divers uniformly throughout its domain. Information technology may exist defined in two or more ways as its domain is split into two or more parts. In such cases, it is called a
piecewise linear function.
Here is an example.

Example:
Plot the graph of the post-obit piecewise linear function.

$$f(x)=\left\{\begin{array}{ll} x+2, & x \in[-2,i) \\ 2 ten-3, & x \in[1,2] \stop{array}\right.$$

Solution:

This slice-wise office is linear in both the indicated parts of its domain. Let united states detect the endpoints of the line in each case.

When x ∈ [-2, 1):

10 y
-two -2 + 2 = 0
1
(hole in this case as 1 ∉ [-ii, 1) )
1 + 2 = iii

When x ∈ [1, 2]:

x y
one 2(i) – iii = -one
ii ii(two) – 3 = ane

The corresponding graph is shown below:

Important Notes on Linear Functions:

• A linear role is of the grade f(x) = mx + b and hence its graph is a line.
• A linear part f(x) = mx + b is a horizontal line when its gradient is 0 and in this example, information technology is known as a constant function.
• The domain and range of a linear part f(x) = ax + b is R (all real numbers) whereas the range of a constant function f(x) = b is {b}.
• These linear functions are useful to represent the objective part in linear programming.
• A constant function has no inverse as it is Non a ane-ane part.
• Ii linear functions are parallel if their slopes are equal.
• Two linear functions are perpendicular if the product of their slopes is -ane.
• A vertical line is Non a linear function every bit information technology fails the vertical line test.

Related Topics:

• Linear Function Calculator
• Linear Function Formula
• Graphing Functions

Great learning in high school using uncomplicated cues

Indulging in rote learning, yous are likely to forget concepts. With Cuemath, you will learn visually and be surprised by the outcomes.

Volume a Free Trial Class

## FAQs on Linear Office

### What is the Definition of a Linear Office?

A
linear function
is a role whose graph is a line. Thus, it is of the course f(x) = mx + b where ‘grand’ and ‘b’ are real numbers. Here, ‘k’ is the slope and ‘b’ is the y-intercept of the linear office.

### What is the Formula to Find a Linear Function?

Since a linear role represents a line, all formulas used to discover the equation of a line can be used to detect the equation of a linear role. Thus, the linear office formulas are:

• Standard form: ax + by + c = 0
• Slope-intercept form: y = mx + b
= m (ten – 101)
• Intercept form: x/a + y/b = 1

Note that y can be replaced with f(x) in all these formulas.

### What is Linear Function Tabular array?

Sometimes, the data representing a linear part is given in the form of a table with two columns where the first column gives the information of the contained variable and the second cavalcade gives the corresponding data of the dependent variable. This is chosen the linear function table.

### What is the Deviation Between a Linear Function and a Nonlinear Function?

The graph of a linear function is a line whereas the graph of a nonlinear role is NOT a line. The equation of a linear function is of the form f(ten) = ax + b (i.east., it is a linear expression), whereas the equation of a nonlinear function can be of any other forms than ax + b.

### How to Graph a Linear Function?

To graph a linear part, find any two points on it by bold some random numbers either for the dependent or for the independent variable and find the respective values of the other variable. Merely plot those two points and bring together them by a direct line past extending the line on both sides.

### What is the Domain and Range of a Linear Role?

The domain and range of a linear function f(10) = ax + b where a ≠ 0 is the prepare of all real numbers. If a = 0, the domain is still the prepare of all existent numbers but the range is the set {b}. Sometimes, the domain and range in a trouble may be restricted to some interval.

### What is a Linear Function Equation?

The linear part equation is the slope-intercept form. Thus, information technology is expressed as f(x) = mx + b where m is the gradient and b is the y-intercept of the line.

### What are Linear Function Examples?

f(10) = 2x + iii, f(x) = (1/5) x – 7 are some examples of linear function. For real life examples of a linear function, click hither.

### How to Make up one’s mind a Linear Function?

We can make up one’s mind a linear function in the following ways.

• If the equation of a role is given, then it is linear if it is of the form f(x) = ax + b.
• If the graph of a function is given, then it is linear if it represents a line.
• If a table of values representing a role is given, so it is linear if the ratio of the difference in y-values to the divergence in x-values is always a abiding.

## Which of the Following is a Linear Function

Source: https://www.cuemath.com/calculus/linear-functions/

Read:   Which Best Describes the Tertiary Structure of a Protein

## Reusable Complex Proteins That Promote Chemical Reactions

56 Enzymes A substance that helps a chemical reaction to occur is chosen a catalyst, …